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What does the word bone mean?

• The bones are the solid and hard parts, which form the basis of the bodies of animals of the superior classes; and the union of which constitutes the skeleton. The human body has, at the adult age, 208 bones, without including the 32 teeth, the ossa Wormiana, and the sesamoid bones. Anatomists divide them, from their shape, into 1. Long bones, which form part of the limbs, and represent columns for supporting the weight of the body, or levers of different kinds for the muscles to act upon. 2. Flat bones, which form the parietes of splanchnic cavities; and, 3. Short bones, met with in parts of the body where solidity and some mobility are necessary. Bones are formed of two different textures; spongy and compact. They afford, on analysis, much phosphate and carbonate of lime, a little phosphate of magnesia, phosphate of ammonia, oxides of iron and manganese, some traces of alumina and silica, gelatin, fat, and water. The uses of the bones are mentioned under each bone. They give shape to the body, contain and defend the viscera, and act as levers to the muscles. The bones of the ox, Bos Taurus, are employed in pharmacy.

• A specialized CONNECTIVE TISSUE that is the main constituent of the SKELETON. The principle cellular component of bone is comprised of OSTEOBLASTS, OSTEOCYTES and OSTEOCLASTS, while FIBRILLAR COLLAGENS and hydoxyapatite crystals form the BONE MATRIX.

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