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What does the word lung mean?

• Either of the pair of organs occupying the cavity of the thorax that effect the aeration of the blood.

• [ Latin] the organ of respiration; one of a pair or organs filling either side of the chest. It is conical, with its base upon the diaphragm and its apex 1-1. 5 inches above the first rib. The l. is divided into lobes( three for the right, two for the left), and has a notch( hilum) on its inner surface, from which springs the root of the l., consisting of the bronchi, pulmonary and bronchial vessels and nerves, and lymphatics and bronchial glands. The l. is covered with pleura( serous coat), and beneath this with a layer of loose connective tissue mixed with elastic fibres( subserous coat). Beneath this lies the parenchyma of the l., consisting of lobules held together by connective tissue. Between the lobules run branches of the bronchi( Interlobular bronchia). From the latter each lobule is supplied with a branch( Intralobular bronchium) which subdivides into 10-15 terminal twigs( Bronchioles) each leading to an acinus or lobulette of the lobule. Each bronchiole divides into about 3 alveolar passages or air-sacs, and each of these ends in a conical dilatation( infundibulum) divided by partial septa into several air-cells or alveoli. The air-cells and bronchioles which comprise the substance of the lobules consist of chambers lines with flat epithelium and surrounded by a very thin layer of connective tissue with elastic fibres, in which lie the very abundant capillaries of the pulmonary vessels. The function of the l’s is to supply the blood with oxygen introduced through the bronchi into the air-cells and there brought into contact with the pulmonary capillaries, and to discharge effete matters( water, carbon dioxide, and traces of organic matter).

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