What does the word salt mean?
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A name formerly given to a considerable number of substances of very different nature. At present, chymists apply the terra Salts exclusively to the combination of an acid with one or more bases. Neutral salts are those in which the acid and base reciprocally saturate each other. Acid salts or supersalts, ( F.) Sur-sels, are those in which the acid predominates over the base. Alkaline salts or subalts, ( F.) Sous-sels, those in which the base is, on the contrary, predominant. The different denominations of the salts are compounded, 1. Of the name of the acid; the termination of which is changed into ite, when the name of the acid is in ous;- ate, when it is in ic. Thus the salts formed by the sulphurous acid are sulphites; those by the sulphuric, sulphates 2. This name is followed up by that of the oxyd, which enters into the composition of the salt. Thus, the sulphate of protoxyd of iron is a combination of sulphuric acid with the protoxyd of that metal. Frequently, to shorten the name, the word oxyd is suppressed; and proto, deuto, trito, etc., put before the acid: - as protosulphate of iron. Simple salts are those resulting from the combination of an acid with a single base; double salts with two different bases: triple with three, etc. A haloid salt is one constituted after the type of common salt, or which contains a metal and a salt-radical, as chlorine, iodine, etc. An oxysalt is formed from the combination of an acid with an oxide. When salt is used in an abstract sense, it means the chloride of sodium.
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[ Latin] Any compound of an acid and a base; a compound formed from an acid by the replacement of hydrogen by a base. A neutral( or normal) s. is one in which all, and an acid s. one in which only a part, of the acid hydrogen is replaced; an acid s. being further denoted as monacid, diacid, etc. according as it contains one, two, etc., atoms of unreplaced hydrogen. A basic s. is one containing an excess of the basic element; i. e., is a neutral s. compounded with a basic oxide or hydrate. S’s may be derived from oxygen acids( oxy-s.) or halogen acids( haloid s’s, including the chlorides, bromides, iodides, fluorides, and cyanides).
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[ Latin] In pl., S’s, a saline purgative, especially magnesium sulphate( Epsom s.) or sodium and potassium tartrate( Rochelle s.).
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Usage examples for salt
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You can set your mind at rest, said Rupert coldly, I have no wish to tie you down to a bread and salt treaty. – The Mandarin's Fan by Fergus Hume
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It is difficult, he said, for Netherlanders not to conquer on salt water. – Project Gutenberg History of The Netherlands, 1555-1623, Complete by John Lothrop Motley
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